Introduction
In my last post, I explored the idea that the self is an illusion—a construct of experience, memory, and perception rather than a fixed entity. As I continue down this path of understanding, I recently came across the work of Lisa Feldman Barrett, a neuroscientist whose research on emotions adds another layer to this discussion. Her findings suggest that emotions, much like our sense of self, are not hardwired biological reactions but rather predictive constructions of the brain. This discovery holds profound implications for how we experience reality, reinforcing the idea that both our emotions and our identity are more fluid than we might think.
Emotions Are Predictions, Not Reactions
Traditionally, we’ve been taught that emotions arise automatically in response to external stimuli—fear when we see danger, anger when wronged, happiness when we receive good news. But Barrett challenges this view, arguing that emotions are not universal, pre-wired responses but rather constructed by the brain based on past experiences. The brain, as a predictive organ, generates emotions in anticipation of what will happen next, using stored knowledge to give meaning to bodily sensations.
Think about it—when your heart races, does it mean you're anxious, excited, or just had too much caffeine? The interpretation depends on context, past experiences, and learned associations. Your brain constructs an emotional response rather than merely reacting to the world.
The Link Between Emotion and the Illusion of Self
If emotions are constructed, it raises an interesting question: How much of our perceived self is also a construction? Just as emotions are predictions shaped by past experiences, so too might be our sense of identity. We often think of ourselves as having a core, unchanging essence, but what if that "self" is just another model our brain builds to make sense of our experiences?
This aligns with the idea that the self is an illusion—a fluid construct that adapts and shifts over time based on memory, social context, and learned behaviors. If our emotions and our self-perception are both built through predictive processes, then what we call "me" is less of a fixed entity and more of an ongoing, evolving narrative.
Consciousness as the Observer of Construction
If emotions and the self are constructs, then what is consciousness? Who or what is experiencing these shifting states?
Barrett’s research indirectly supports the idea that consciousness is separate from the emotions and identity it observes. We often identify with our emotions, saying things like "I am angry" or "I am happy," but if emotions are merely predictive models, then who is the "I" experiencing them? This question ties back to many spiritual and philosophical traditions, including Hermetic and Taoist thought, which suggest that consciousness is a fundamental awareness beyond the ever-changing landscape of thoughts and emotions.
This idea isn’t just theoretical—it has practical applications. Recognizing that emotions are constructed means we have more control over them than we realize. If our brain is predicting emotions based on past experiences, we can actively shape future experiences by changing our interpretations, practicing mindfulness, and broadening our emotional vocabulary. This also applies to our sense of self; if we see our identity as fluid, we free ourselves from rigid labels and expectations, allowing for greater personal growth and transformation.
Investigating Barrett’s Work for Yourself
For those interested in diving deeper into Lisa Feldman Barrett’s research, I highly recommend her book How Emotions Are Made and her TED Talk, You Aren’t at the Mercy of Your Emotions—Your Brain Creates Them. Her work challenges long-held assumptions about emotions and supports a more dynamic, adaptable view of the human experience.
Final Thoughts
Barrett’s research affirms what many ancient philosophies have long suggested—our experience of reality is shaped by perception. If emotions are constructed and the self is an illusion, then reality itself may be more malleable than we believe. The question we must ask ourselves is: If we are the architects of our emotions and identity, how do we consciously shape them in a way that serves us rather than confines us?